Isolasi Bakteri Rizosfer Kawasan Gunung Ijen Sebagai Biokontrol Bakteri Xanthomonas Oryzae Secara In Vitro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24002/biota.v11i2.13816Keywords:
Padi, Hawar daun bakteri, Bacillus, OD600, Zona hambatAbstract
Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan komoditas pangan strategis yang produktivitasnya dapat menurun akibat serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Pemanfaatan bakteri rizosfer sebagai agens biokontrol menjadi alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengisolasi, mengkarakterisasi, dan mengevaluasi potensi bakteri rizosfer asal kawasan Gunung Ijen sebagai agen biokontrol terhadap Xoo. Isolasi dilakukan menggunakan metode pengenceran bertingkat (serial dilution) dan spread plate, sedangkan karakterisasi meliputi morfologi koloni, pewarnaan Gram, serta uji fisiologi dan biokimia. Laju pertumbuhan diamati menggunakan kurva OD600, sedangkan aktivitas antagonistik diuji dengan metode difusi cakram Kirby–Bauer. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji lanjut Dunnett pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian memperoleh lima isolat yang diduga termasuk genus Micrococcus, Bacillus, dan Streptococcus. Isolat AP002 dan AP003 menunjukkan aktivitas antagonistik tertinggi terhadap Xoo dengan zona hambat masing-masing sebesar 37,57 mm dan 33,10 mm, serta mencapai kepadatan sel maksimum pada inkubasi 30–40 jam. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri rizosfer kawasan Gunung Ijen berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai sumber agens biokontrol dalam pengendalian penyakit hawar daun bakteri pada tanaman padi.
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