Viabilitas Bakteri Asam Laktat dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Produk Susu Fermentasi Komersial terhadap Beberapa Bakteri Patogen Enterik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24002/biota.v19i1.450Abstract
Abstract
Fermented milk products could be found on the marketplace in great quantities of brand and type. Fermented milk has potentials for functional food because it has health benefits for human body and acts as antimicrobial. However from all brands and types, the viability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and antibacterial activity is not surely known, especially in Yogyakarta. The aim of this study was to determine the viability of lactic acid bacteria and antibacterial effect to three enteric pathogenic bacteria. Tests were carried out on 18 samples of fermented milk from supermarkets in Yogyakarta. Base on LAB viability test, 12 samples fulfilled the concentration of probiotic bacteria, number of viable bacteria at least 108 CFU/ml. Antibacterial activity from 18 brands against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. by using well diffusion method. Fermented milk products have different antibacterial activities. Brand R showed the maximum antibacterial effect against the pathogens. It was determined that the most sensitive pathogenic bacteria to milk fermented products were S. aureus, whereas the least sensitive pathogen was Salmonella sp.
Keywords: Antibacterial, fermented milk, viability of lactic acid bacteria
Abstrak
Produk susu fermentasi dapat ditemukan di pasaran dalam berbagai merk dan jenis. Susu fermentasi tersebut berpotensi sebagai pangan fungsional karena memiliki manfaat kesehatan bagi manusia dan berperan sebagai antimikrobia. Akan tetapi dari berbagai merk dan jenis yang ada belum diketahui secara pasti mengenai viabilitas bakteri asam laktat (BAL) dan aktivitas antibakterinya terutama yang beredar di wilayah Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui viabilitas BAL dan efek antibakteri terhadap tiga bakteri patogen enterik. Uji dilakukan pada 18 sampel susu fermentasi yang berasal dari supermaket di kota Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan uji viabilitas BAL, ada 12 sampel yang memenuhi standar konsentrasi bakteri probiotik,paling tidak mengandung 108 CFU/ml. Aktivitas antibakteri dari 18 merk diuji terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli dan Salmonella sp. menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Produk minuman susu fermentasi memiliki kemampuan antibakteri yang berbeda. Merk R menunjukkan efek antibakteri paling tinggi terhadap beberapa bakteri patogen. Bakteri patogen yang paling sensitif terhadap produk susu fermentasi adalah S. aureus, yang paling tidak sensitif adalah Salmonella sp.
Kata kunci: Antibakteri, susu fermentasi, viabilitas BAL
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