Ekstraksi dan Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Bioaktif Daun Saga Rambat (Abrus precatorius)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24002/biota.v8i2.6417Keywords:
Abrus precatorius, daun saga rambat, ekstraksi, gas chromatography – mass spectroscopy, senyawa bioaktifAbstract
Daun saga rambat telah banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati beragam jenis penyakit. Bioaktivitas ini berkaitan dengan kandungan senyawa metabolit. Selama ini, aktivitas farmakologis daun saga rambat di masyarakat masih berdasarkan bukti empiris. Selain itu, informasi terkait kandungan senyawa bioaktif di daun saga rambut masih terbatas. Pada penelitian ini senyawa metabolit yang terkandung di dalam daun saga rambat diekstrak dan diidentifikasi. Senyawa metabolit diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan tiga jenis pelarut, yaitu etanol, metanol dan air. Senyawa pada ketiga ekstrak diidentifikasi dengan gas chromatography – mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat 23 senyawa di ekstrak etanol, 9 senyawa di ekstrak metanol, dan 9 senyawa di ekstrak air. Diantara seluruh senyawa pada ketiga ekstrak tersebut, senyawa yang memiliki konsentrasi tinggi adalah (1) octadecenyl aldehyde; (2) n-octadecanoic acid; (3) methyl 6,7-methylene octadecanoate (from trans); dan (4) pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester. Dari hasil penelusuran pustaka, keempat senyawa tersebut memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, antibakteri, antivirus dan antiinflamasi. Oleh karena itu, daun saga rambat memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai obat herbal dalam pengatasan penyakit-penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri, radikal bebas, virus, dan inflamasi.
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