Karakterisasi Molekuler Tumbuhan Sidingin (Kalanchoe sp.) Asal Riau Menggunakan Empat Penanda Barkode DNA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24002/biota.v9i2.7313Keywords:
Barkode DNA, ITS, Kalanchoe sp., rpl16 intron, trnL-trnL-trnF IGSAbstract
Sidingin (Kalanchoe sp.) merupakan tumbuhan sukulen dari famili Crassulaceae yang tumbuh liar namun memiliki beberapa manfaat sebagai tumbuhan obat. Sidingin asal Riau belum dapat ditentukan nama spesiesnya. Penentuan nama spesies tumbuhan dapat dilakukan menggunakan beberapa barkode DNA, seperti matK, rbcL, dan ITS. Penelitian barkoding DNA pada sidingin asal Riau belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis empat barkode DNA pada tumbuhan sidingin (Kalanchoe sp.) asal Riau, yaitu ITS, trnL-trnL-trnF intergenic spacer (IGS), ndhC-trnV IGS, dan rpl16 intron. Pada penelitian ini telah diperoleh sekuens DNA untuk ITS, trnL-trnL-trnF IGS, ndhC-trnV IGS, dan rpl16 intron dengan panjang basa secara berturut-turut 662 pb, 909 pb, 949 pb, dan 944 pb. Keempatnya telah didaftarkan dengan nomor registrasi, secara berturut-turut, MW297180, MW297177, MW297178, dan MW297179. Komposisi nukleotida pada ITS berbeda dengan ketiga barkode DNA lainnya. Tidak ada aksesi di GenBank yang memiliki kemiripan 100% dengan sidingin sehingga nama spesies dari sidingin belum dapat ditentukan. Variasi nukleotida paling sedikit dijumpai pada daerah trnL-trnL-trnF IGS (9,65%) dengan jumlah mutasi subtitusi dan indels relatif mirip. Namun uniknya, nukleotida kritis yang merupakan nukleotida penciri paling banyak dijumpai pada daerah trnL-trnL-trnF IGS (1,41%). Kesimpulan, barkode DNA trnL-trnL-trnF IGS dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tumbuhan sidingin dibandingkan ketiga sekuens lainnya yang diteliti.
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