Multiplikasi Tunas pada Eksplan Rimpang Kunyit Hitam (Kaempferia parviflora) dengan Penambahan Hormon BAP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24002/biota.v9i3.8534Keywords:
BAP, Kunyit hitam (Kaempferia parviflora), multiplikasi tunas, MS (Murashige and Skoog), rimpangAbstract
Kunyit Hitam (Kaempferia parviflora) adalah tanaman rimpang berwarna ungu kehitaman yang banyak manfaat sebagai bahan obat tradisional. Perbanyakan bibit kunyit hitam secara konvensional tidak memungkinkan untuk budidaya skala besar, dikarenakan membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama dan tidak efisien. Rendahnya pasokan bahan tanaman berkualitas dan masalah perkecambahan yang rendah menjadi dasar dalam upaya pengembangan kunyit hitam secara in vitro. Perbanyakan kunyit hitam melalui multiplikasi tunas dapat mempercepat produksi bibit yang efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai konsentrasi hormon BAP terhadap multiplikasi kunyit hitam. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan RAL dengan faktor konsentrasi hormon BAP yang terdiri dari 5 taraf konsentrasi antara lain BAP 0 mg/L (P0), BAP 2 mg/L (P1), BAP 4 mg/L (P2), BAP 6 mg/L (P3), dan BAP 8 mg/L (P4). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, perlakuan BAP 2 mg/L memperlihatkan hasil terbaik dengan kedinian tunas tercepat yaitu 8,3 hari setelah tanam, jumlah tunas terbanyak yaitu 5,8 tunas, rata-rata tunas tertinggi mencapai 4,8 cm, dan jumlah daun terbanyak yaitu 8,3 helai. Perlakuan BAP 2 mg/L menghasilkan persentase tunas dan akar 100%.
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