Daya Antagonisme Agensia Hayati terhadap Patogen Blendok pada Jeruk Pamelo secara In Vitro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24002/biota.v9i3.8559Keywords:
B. theobromae, biokontrol, endofit, tanaman majapahit, jeruk baliAbstract
Produksi jeruk di Kalimantan Selatan mengalami penurunan yang diakibatkan berbagai faktor, diantaranya serangan penyakit. Hal ini juga dialami oleh pertanaman buah jeruk pamelo di Amanah Borneo Park yang sering mengalami gagal panen akibat serangan penyakit blendok yang disebabkan oleh patogen Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. Pengendalian penyakit dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan agen hayati, salah satunya cendawan endofit yang bersifat antagonis terhadap penyebab patogen, yang dapat diisolasi dari tanaman obat. Cendawan endofit mampu menghasilkan metabolit sekunder, enzim litik, dan antimikroba lainnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan patogen tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui jenis cendawan penyebab penyakit blendok di Amanah Borneo Park dan mengetahui daya antagonisme Trichoderma harzianum, endofit Colletotrichum sp., dan endofit Fusarium sp. terhadap patogen tersebut. Hasil identifikasi mengemukakan bahwa patogen penyebab blendok di Amanah Borneo Park adalah B. theobromae Pat (P2B4), kemudian uji antagonisme dengan tiga agen antagonis yaitu Trichoderma harzianum, endofit Colletotrichum sp., dan endofit Fusarium sp. menunjukkan adanya perbedaan persentase daya hambat yang disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti laju pertumbuhan, produksi, dan konsentrasi metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan dengan persentase penghambatan masing-masing agen antagonis yaitu 21,048% (T. harzianum), 13,775% (Colletotrichum sp.), dan 13,04% (Fusarium sp.).
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