REKAYASA SEMEN KOMPOSIT LIMBAH SERUTAN BAMBU SEBAGAI BAHAN ALTERNATIF PERKERASAN JALAN (PAVING BLOCK)

Abstract

Rigid concrete pavement is a pavement needed on a special typical load area and also
needed a low maintenance. Problems arise when there is limited sand material available and the cost
is also expensive. Solutions developed in this research apply cement composite materials mixed
with bamboo shavings waste hence building materials that are lightweight, environmentally friendly
and has the character of a concrete class were obtained. This cement composite material has
advantages in utilization of bamboo shaving waste and therefore reduces environmental pollution.
The purpose of this research were to engineer alternative paving materials in the form of paving
block made of bamboo shaving waste mixture composite cement. This research has obtained the
optimum physical and mechanical properties of the composite cement material and paving block at a
specific mixture composition. The physical and mechanical properties that are tested on paving
block samples had five compositions variation of cement (S): sand (P): and bamboo fibre (B) of
1:6:0; 1:4.5:1.5; 1:3:3; 1:1.5:4.5; and 1:0:6 respectively with catalyst of CaCl2 as much as 3 %
volume. The results have showed that the physical properties of the concrete slab have optimum
water content of 16.67 % at variation of 1:4.5:1.5 and optimum mass density of 0.550 kg/m3 at
variation of 1:3:3. The mechanical properties test of the concrete slab have showed mean
compressive strength of 19.8 MPa, mean Modulus of Rupture (MOR) of 16.40 MPa and mean
Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) of 11,500 MPa respectively at variation of 1:4.5:1.5. Optimum wear
resistance value at variation of 1:3:3 on average were 0.698 mm/min. The physical properties test
results for the paving block had mean water content of 6.77 % and mean mass density of 0.761
kg/m3 respectively at variation of 1:3:3. The value of mean MOR, mean MOE and mean wear
resistance were 27.16 MPa, 11,583 MPa and 0.864 mm/min respectively for variation of 1:3:3.

Abstrak: Perkerasan jalan beton merupakan perkerasan yang dibutuhkan pada area bertipikal beban
khusus dan low maintenance. Permasalahan penggunaan beton muncul ketika ketersediaan bahan
pasir terbatas dan harganya mahal. Solusi yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini menerapkan
bahan komposit semen dengan limbah serutan bambu sehingga diperoleh bahan bangunan yang
ringan, ramah lingkungan dan memiliki karakter sekelas beton. Bahan semen komposit ini memiliki
keuntungan dalam pendayagunaan limbah serutan bambu sehingga ikut mengurangi pencemaran
lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat rekayasa komponen bahan alternatif perkerasan
jalan dalam bentuk paving block dari semen komposit campuran bahan limbah serutan bambu.
Penelitian ini mendapatkan sifat fisika dan mekanika optimum bahan semen komposit dan paving
block pada komposisi campuran tertentu. Sifat fisika dan mekanika yang diuji pada benda uji paving
block dengan 5 variasi perbandingan semen(S): pasir(P): dan serat bambu(B), yaitu 1:6:0; 1:4,5:1,5;
1:3:3; 1:1,5:4,5 dan 1:0:6 dengan katalis CaCl2 sebanyak 3% volume. Hasilnya menunjukkan sifat
fisika papan semen memiliki nilai optimum kadar air 16,67% pada variasi 1:4,5:1,5 dan berat jenis
optimum 0,550 kg/m3 pada variasi 1:3:3. Hasil uji sifat mekanika papan semen yaitu kuat tekan ratarata
sebesar 19,8 MPa, Modulus of Repture (MOR) rata-rata sebesar 16,40 MPa dan Modulus of
Elasticity (MOE) rata-rata sebesar 11.500 MPa pada variasi 1:4,5:1,5. Nilai ketahanan aus optimum
pada variasi 1:3:3 rata-rata sebesar 0,698 mm/menit. Hasil uji sifat fisika paving block dengan kadar
air rata-rata 6,77% dan kerapatan rata-rata 0,761 kg/m3 pada variasi 1:3:3. Nilai rata-rata MOR,
MOE dan ketahanan aus masing-masing sebesar 27,16 MPa, 11.583 MPa, dan 0,864 mm/menit pada
variasi 1:3:3.

Kata kunci : Serutan bambu, semen komposit, paving block.