Authorship Criteria

Justitia et Pax published by the Faculty of Law, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, publishes legal scholarship in Bahasa Indonesia and English. These criteria ensure that every manuscript reflects genuine, accountable intellectual contribution. Justitia et Pax follow ICMJE recommendations, the CRediT taxonomy, and COPE guidance.

1. Criteria For Authorship

A person may be listed as an author only if they meet all four of the following conditions:

  1. Substantial contribution to the conception or design of the study, or to the collection, analysis, or interpretation of legal materials or data (for example, statutes, case law, doctrine, or empirical findings);
  2. Drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content;
  3. Approving the final version to be published; and
  4. Agreeing to be accountable for all aspects of the work, including the accuracy of legal citations, quotations, and sources.

Funding, providing facilities, general supervision, or holding an academic or administrative position alone does not qualify a person for authorship. This applies in particular to supervisors, heads of departments, and institutional leaders.

2. Contributors (not authors)

Those who contributed but do not meet the criteria (for example, research assistants, language editors, translators, or people who helped with fieldwork or data access) are named in the Acknowledgements, with their written consent.

3. Responsibilities of Authors

  • All authors approve the content, the order of authorship, and the submission of the manuscript.
  • Each author can describe their contribution and knows who is responsible for the parts they did not write.
  • The manuscript is original, is not under consideration elsewhere, and is free from plagiarism, including self-plagiarism, as required by the journal's plagiarism policy.
  • Authors submit the Author Declaration available on the journal website with each manuscript.
  • Where the research involved interviews, surveys, or other human participants, authors state the ethical approval or consent obtained.
  • Authors disclose any conflict of interest and funding in line with the journal's conflict of interest policy.

4. Corresponding Author

One author is designated as the corresponding author. This person communicates with the journal on behalf of all authors, makes sure all co-authors have approved the manuscript, and provides an active institutional email address.

5. Statement of Author Contributions

Each manuscript includes a statement of contributions based on the CRediT taxonomy, for example: “A.B.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft. C.D.: Investigation, Writing – review & editing.” Single-author manuscripts state this as “The author conceived, researched, and wrote the manuscript.”

6. Changes to The Author List

  • The author list and order are fixed at submission. Changes after submission are considered only for compelling reasons.
  • The corresponding author sends a written request to the editor with the reason and the written consent of all authors, including any author added or removed.
  • The editor may pause the review or publication until the matter is resolved. After publication, changes are made only through a corrigendum.

7. Authorship Misconduct

Justitia et Pax does not tolerate:

  • Ghost authorship – omitting someone who meets the criteria.
  • Guest or gift authorship – including someone who does not meet the criteria, because of seniority, relationship, or reward.
  • Fictitious authors, or listing a person without their knowledge.
  • Buying or selling authorship, or using commissioned writing services.

Suspected cases are handled under the journal's policy on allegations of research misconduct and COPE guidance.

8. Use of Artificial Intelligence

AI tools cannot be listed as authors because they cannot take responsibility for the work. Authors who use generative AI for drafting, translation, or editing must disclose the tool and its purpose in the Methods or Acknowledgements. Authors remain fully responsible for the content, and must verify every statute, case, and citation, since AI tools may generate sources that do not exist.

9. Authorship Disputes

Authors should resolve disputes among themselves first. If this fails, the editor may pause the editorial process and ask for statements from the authors or their institutions. The journal does not decide the order of authors, but follows institutional recommendations or COPE guidance.