POTENSI BANGUNAN PUBLIK SEBAGAI TEMPAT EVAKUASI SEMENTARA PADA SAAT BENCANA ERUPSI GUNUNG MERAPI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24002/jars.v12i3.2186Keywords:
Public building, temporary evacuation shelter, natural disaster, feasibilityAbstract
Abstract: Mount Merapi is one of the most active volcanoes in the world that has a periodic eruption cycle between two to seven years. This condition forced the community be prepared and had to evacuate periodically. Communities were evacuated to public buildings such as barracks, village halls, multipurpose buildings and sports buildings that were not originally designed for temporary evacuation shelter. The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) has set a standard for minimum needs related to evacuation buildings as stated in Perka BNPB No. 7 of 2008 concerning Guidelines for providing assistance to meet the basic needs of disaster victims in a coordinated, effective and accountable manner. This study aims to see the degree of physical suitability of public buildings as temporary evacuation shelter based on standards. The study was conducted on 30 public buildings in Cangkringan District, Sleman Regency, DIY. This study found that government buildings such as village hall and sub-district offices have high potential to be utilized as temporary evacuation shelter in the term of capacity and accessibility. Nevertheless, the addition of facilities such as fire protection, bathrooms need to be added to adjust to the existing capacity. Supervision and integrated planning in building public facilities, including self-funded religion facilities that accommodate the needs of temporary evacuation shelter is esential for functioning the public building as temporary evacuation shelter.
Kata Kunci: Public building, temporary evacuation shelter, natural disaster, feasibility
Abstrak: Gunung Merapi adalah satu gunung api teraktif di dunia yang memiliki siklus erupsi berkala antara dua hingga tujuh tahun sekali. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan masyarakat harus mengungsi secara periodik. Masyarakat diungsikan ke bangunan publik seperti barak, balai desa, gedung serbaguna dan gedung olahraga yang tidak dirancang sebagai bangunan evakuasi sementara. Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) telah mengatur standar kebutuhan minimal terkait bangunan evakuasi sesuai yang tertuang pada Perka BNPB No. 7 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pedoman Tata Cara Pemberian Bantuan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Dasar sebagai panduan dalam pemberian bantuan guna memenuhi kebutuhan dasar korban bencana secara terkoordinasi, efektif, dan akuntabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat derajat kesesuaian fisik bangunan publik sebagai bangunan evakuasi berdasarkan standard yang telah ada. Penelitian dilakukan pada 30 bangunan publik yang terdapat di Kecamatan Cangkringan, Kabupaten Sleman, DIY. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan, bangunan pemerintahan (balaidesa dan kantor kecamatan) memiliki potensi yang tinggi dialihfungsikan menjadi bangunan evakuasi sementara. Fasilitas proteksi kebakaran dan kamar mandi perlu ditambahkan sesuai dengan kapasitas yang direncanakan. Pengawasan dan perencanaan terpadu dalam membangun fasilitas publik yang mengakomodasi persyaratan sebagai tempat evakuasi sementara sangat penting untuk memfungsikan bangunan publik sebagai tempat evakuasi sementara.
Kata Kunci: bangunan publik, tempat evakuasi sementara, bencana alam, kelayakan
References
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