OPTIMALISASI PENGHAWAAN ALAMI RUSUNAWA BERTINGKAT TINGGI PASKA PANDEMI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24002/jars.v15i1.4769Keywords:
penghawaan alami, kepadatan dalam ruang, natural ventilation, indoor density, COVID-19Abstract
Abstrak: Kepadatan penduduk di Indonesia karena terjadinya pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk, khususnya di Jakarta memicu pembangunan gedung hunian bertingkat tinggi untuk memaksimalkan penangkap nilai lahan. Pembangunan berimbang didengungkan untuk mengimbangi kebutuhan dan menumbuhkan daya beli masyarakat dengan memberi pilihan perumahan yang terjangkau bagi kalangan menengah ke bawah. Rusunawa merupakan salah satu turunan dari kebijakan rumah berimbang, yaitu dari kebijakan KotaKU untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Awal tahun 2020 dihebohkan dengan munculnya kasus pertama COVID-19 di Indonesia sehingga menyebabkan perubahan pada pola kehidupan, tidak terkecuali di Rusunawa. Perubahan pola kehidupan dari hunian horizontal ke hunian vertikal membutuhkan adaptasi dari penghuni dan adanya COVID-19 ini menyebabkan bertambahnya variabel penyebab perubahan pola kegiatan dalam hunian. Kegiatan bersama dalam bangunan perlu diawasi untuk mengurangi kepadatan sehingga dapat mengurangi kemungkinan penularan dalam bangunan/terjadinya kluster baru. Virus COVID-19 ini penularannya diketahui utamanya melalui droplet dan dibawa angin dan apabila penghawaan dalam ruang kurang baik akan menyebabkan virus ini mudah menyebar. Karena rusunawa menurut standar diharuskan untuk menggunakan penghawaan alami, dalam perancangan perlu dipikirkan cara memaksimalkan penggunaan penghawaan alami. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara identifikasi kepadaatan dalam ruang dengan space syntax dan pengaruh pengahwaan alami dalam mitigasi COVID-19 dalam bangunan rusunawa bertingkat tinggi.
Kata kunci: penghawaan alami, kepadatan dalam ruang, COVID-19
Abstract: Population density in Indonesia due to the population growth, especially in Jakarta, triggered the construction of high-rise residential buildings to maximize land value capture. Balanced development is buzzed to offset the needs and grow the community's purchasing power by providing affordable housing options for the lower middle class. Rusunawa is one of the derivatives of balanced housing policy, namely from Kotaku policy, to meet these needs. The beginning of 2020 was horrendous with the emergence of the first case of COVID-19 in Indonesia, causing changes in life patterns, not least in rusunawa. Changes in life patterns from horizontal to vertical settlements require adaptation from residents, and the presence of COVID-19 leads to increasing variables causing changes in activity patterns in the settlement. Joint activities in buildings need to be supervised to reduce density to reduce the possibility of transmission in buildings/occurrence of new clusters. The COVID-19 virus is mainly transmitted through droplets and carried by the wind, and if the air conditioning in the room is not good, it will cause the virus to spread quickly. Because rusunawa, according to standards, is required to use natural air conditioning, in design, it is necessary to think about how to maximize the use of natural air conditioning. This paper aims to find out how to identify the nature of space with space syntax and the influence of natural awareness in the mitigation of COVID-19 in high-rise rusunawa buildings.
Keywords: natural ventilation, indoor density, COVID-19
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